mā mudhal adip pŏdhu – As elucidated in the previous pāsuram, the fourth one, "māyakkadavul̤ māmudhaladiyē", since Emperumān is the supreme primordial cause, this can be interpreted as the divine feet (māmudhaladi) of the Supreme Lord. Alternatively, māmudhal could be regarded as an adjective for the divine feet themselves, and in this understanding, the meaning could