• Āḷum Paramanai - [Why is Āzhvār proclaiming "Emperumān is Paraman" here, subsequent to declaring "Bhāgavathas are Paramar" in the preceding pāsuram?] Emperumān inherently possesses the nature whereby, even if we devote ourselves to Bhāgavathas to the exclusion of Him, He governs us by involving us in the service of Bhāgavathas as per our desire; [Is He indeed characterized