Paribhāṣā

atma-nikshepana

ஆத்ம நிக்ஷேபணம்

Also known as: atma-nikshepana, atma nikshepana, self surrender, self offering, atma samarpanam, atma-niksepana

Meaning

The fifth and central limb of saranagati — complete self-offering or self-surrender. The prapanna offers their very self (atma) to the Lord, keeping nothing back. This is the heart of prapatti.

Detailed Explanation

The Heart of Prapatti

Ātma-nikṣepaṇa (Sanskrit: आत्म-निक्षेपण — 'placing the self') is the fifth and most essential constituent of śaraṇāgati — the act of depositing or placing (nikṣepaṇa) one's very ātmā (self) entirely into the Lord's hands.

The Meaning of Self-Offering

This is not offering something to the Lord (like a devotee offering flowers or money) but offering oneself — one's entire existence, will, and identity — to the Lord's ownership and care. The prapanna says, in effect: 'I am not my own; I am Yours. I have nothing of my own to protect or manage. You are my owner and I am Your property.'

The Clarification by Ācāryans

Ācāryans clarify what ātma-nikṣepaṇa is not:

  • It is not the soul losing its identity or merging into Brahman (it remains distinct)
  • It is not becoming passive or irresponsible in the world
  • It is not claiming the Lord is responsible for one's sins

Rather, it is a recognition of the ontological truth already established by aprithak-siddhi: the ātmā already belongs to the Lord — ātma-nikṣepaṇa is the soul acknowledging this ownership, not creating a new relationship.

The Most Intimate Limb

Of the six aṅgas, ātma-nikṣepaṇa is the most direct and complete — it is the sum total of prapatti. The other five aṅgas support and express this central offering. Dvayam's second sentence — 'Śrīmate Nārāyaṇāya namaḥ' — is the verbal enactment of ātma-nikṣepaṇa: 'namas to Nārāyaṇa' meaning 'my self is not mine, it is His.'

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