Paribhāṣā

Vidhi

விதி

Also known as: vidhi-shastra, scriptural injunction, dharmic prescription

Meaning

Scriptural injunction — the positive prescriptions and commands of śāstra that define what must be done; the 'do' side of dharmic regulation, as opposed to niṣedha (prohibitions).

Detailed Explanation

Vidhi — Scriptural Injunction

Vidhi (Sanskrit: vi + dhā = to place, with prefix; 'that which is laid down/prescribed') refers to the positive injunctions or commands of śāstra — the 'do this' prescriptions that define obligatory (nitya) and occasional (naimittika) duties.

Vidhi and Niṣedha — The Twin Pillars of Dharma: Śāstric regulation operates through two complementary commands:

  • Vidhi — positive prescriptions ('perform sandhyā vandanam'; 'honour one's Āchārya'; 'perform ahnikam')
  • Niṣedha — prohibitions ('do not eat forbidden food'; 'do not associate with pashaṇḍīs')

Together, vidhi and niṣedha define the vihita mārgam (prescribed path) — the conduct appropriate to a Śrī Vaiṣṇava.

Categories of Vidhi:

  • Nitya vidhi — daily obligations (sandhyā vandanam, thiruvārādhanam) — failure brings prāyaschitta (expiation)
  • Naimittika vidhi — occasion-based obligations (Ekādaśī fast, utsava participation)
  • Kāmya vidhi — optional observances for specific fruits

The Prapanna and Vidhi: A prapanna (one who has performed prapatti) continues to observe vidhis — not because the vidhis earn liberation (which is already secured by Bhagavān's grace) but as kaiṅkaryam — because 'Bhagavān desires that His servants live an ordered, dharmic life.' Discontinuing vidhi after prapatti is a misunderstanding — the spirit of vidhi is love, not compulsion.

The Virodhi Parihāraṅgaḷ and Vidhi: Pillai Lokāchārya identifies neglect of vidhi and violation of niṣedha as two significant obstacles (virodhi) on the path — because they introduce disorder into the devotee's life and create guilt and distraction.

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