The Reclining Lord
Kidantha Tirukkolam (Tamil: kidantha = lying/reclining + tirukkolam = sacred form; 'the sacred reclining form') is the posture of Bhagavān resting on the cosmic serpent Ādiśeṣa — Śayana in Sanskrit Āgamic terminology. The right hand is raised to the level of the ear (or pressed to the cheek in deep thought), and the deity reclines in absolute ease.
Raṅganātha: The Supreme Reclining Deity
The most celebrated Śayana form is Raṅganātha (Periya Perumāḷ) at Śrī Raṅgam — the Lord of the Āzhvārs, who reclines on Ādiśeṣa at the holiest of all Divya Deśams. This form has inspired hundreds of pāsurams and is the visual center of Śrī Vaiṣṇava devotion.
Theological Meaning
The reclining posture represents Bhagavān's absolute sovereignty and ease (aiśvarya). He does not need to exert effort for anything — the entire cosmos flows from His will while He rests effortlessly. The reclining form also symbolizes the post-pralaya state, when all beings rest within Brahman before the next creation cycle begins.