(i) The Āzhvār tells the Lord that none of the means, outlined in the Śāstras for attaining His feet, has been of any avail to him and that He should, therefore, teach him yet another way, implying thereby that, for him, the Lord should at once be the ‘Means’ and the ‘End’, the path and the goal.
A disciple of Nañcīyar caused him great mental pain by questioning the
In the supreme tenth chapter of the sixth decade, this fourth pāsuram unfolds from the depths of Nammāzhvār's divine experience. Our venerable pūrvācāryas, beginning with Nañjīyar, illuminate the Āzhvār's profound state of ākiñcanyam, or utter helplessness. Here, the Āzhvār declares, “I possess no means (upāyam) within myself that can lead me to You; therefore,