(i) Paṟpanāpā (Padmanābhā): The Supreme Lord, the Primate, from whose navel sprouted the lotus stalk; from the lotus flower at the upward end of that stalk, emerged Brahmā who gave birth to all the rest. The navel of the Lord thus proclaims Him as the First and Foremost.: The implication of the address in the opening line is: “Oh my Sire, can You who created all things,
In this inaugural pāśuram of the chapter, our glorious Nammāzhvār, completely overwhelmed by his separation from the Lord, calls out with profound anguish. Having contemplated the infinite enjoyability of Emperumān that stems from His supreme favours such as creation and protection, Āzhvār questions, "When, O when will I reach You, with whom I share a most distinguished